Edward bradford maxted



PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE E. B.MAXTED,.

HYDROGENATION 0F OIILS, ms, AND LIKE MATERlALS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 22. I918.

Patented Aug. 19, 1-919.

erarnranrir riot EDWARD BRADFORD MA XTED, or WALSALL, ENGLAND.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE HYDROGENATION or OILS, Fears, AND LIKEMATERIALS. a a

- eiaaoa'.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD BRADFQRD MAx'rnn, a. subject of the King ofGreat Britain, residing at 63 Highgate 'road, VValsail, in the county ofStafford, England, have'invented certain new and useful Improvements inProcesses and Apparatus for the Hydrogenation of Oils, Fats, and likeMaterials, of which the following is a specification. I

i In carrying out the catalytic hydrogenation of unsaturated oils, fatsand like materials, on a commercial scale, where rapidity .of working lsan essentlal factor, 1t 1s very desirable, firstly, that as intimatecon-- tact as possible be obtained between the liquid and gaseous phasesof'the system, and

secondly that the portion of the oil in which the state of intimatecontact exists should be as large a fraction of the whole bulk of theoil as is practicable. This inventionrelates to an apparatus and methodof working in which practically the whole of the oil-or fat undertreatment (and containing a finely divided catalyst) is brought into astate of In conse intimate contact with hydrogen. quence of this, thehydrogenation reaction proceeds with a far higher velocity than'ispossible in apparatus of the usual type in which the region of intimatecontact does not nearly include the whole bulk of the oil. According tothis invention the oil and gas are driven through a mixing. column .in

Y which the oil and gas mixture is caused, by the action of fixedpropeller-like bafiie plates, to be rotated alternately in oppositedirections, so as to bring about intimate contact between the gas andoil throughout the length of the column.

In order that the said invention maybe clearly understood and readilycarried into effect-the same will now be described more fully withreference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a diagramof anapparatus I embodying this invention; and

Figs. 2 and 3 show perspeotively in plan' Specification of LettersPatent.

Patente Aug. re, ieie.

Application filed June 22, 1918 Serial l lo. 241,435.

directing blades of the successive bailie plates I should not bevertically above one another;

howeveiylthose of pairs of balile plates separated from one another byone or more intervening battle plates may be. nation of the; baffleplates may advanta- The incligeously be such that they'exert, inaddition to the rotating influence referred to above, such an action onthe hydrogen oil mixture that this is. alternately thrown toward-thecenter of the column and toward its periphery. As shown in Fig. 3 theblades, which form alternate right and left handed screws of propellershape, are inclined to form bafiies having a shallow conical or cuppedoutline, the cones alternating in direction to give the desired inwardand outward movement to the mixture. This avoids any dan er of thecentrifugal action causin the liquid to be thrown to the periphery andthe gas to pass up the center ofthe column. The bafiies are providedwith the central bosses a which are mounted on a central supporting roda and space the 'baflies apart. .Below the column'A is a chamber Boommunic-ating with a pump C by meansof which the oil, with which thecolumn A and chamber B are filled, can be withdrawn from the bottom ofthe chamber B are caused to flow into the top part of the column A. D isan enlarged head of the column A, of sufiicient size to'accommodateeasily the in 'creasedbul k of liquid, or mixture, produced whenhydrogen is passed through the column. This passage of hydrogen is'effected by means of the pump E which withdraws gas from the head D anddelivers it at the bottom, of the column A at such a rate that the wholeof the oil .in' the column, under the influence of the special bafiiesre- I ferred to above, is brought'into a state of fine division-andintimate mixture with the hydrogen .and is in a form approximating to a.froth. 1

Fresh hydrogen to take the place of that absorbed by the oil isintroduced by means of a supply p-ipe shown at F or in any otherconvenient way, the emptying and filling of the vessel with oil and thecatalyst being.

, What I claim and'desire to secure'loy Letters Patent of the Unit-edStates is 1. A process for thecatalytic hydrogenation of unsaturatedoils, fats and like materials, which consists in passing hydrogenthrough the liquid under treatment in a column and in causing theliquid-gasm-ixture as it is projected through the column to be partiallyrotatedalternately in opposite di'rections through an angle.andalternately toward and from the periphery during the absorption of thehydrogen.

ation of unsaturated oils, fatsand like ma terials, comprising avertical column, a, chamber at the lease of the column through whichliquid and hydrogen are adapted to be fed, an enlarged head tothecolumn, means for withdrawing hydrogen from the head and delivering ittothe loasechamloer,

means for withdrawing liquid from the base chamber and delivering it tothe head of the column, and a succession of superposed alternatinglyacting loafiies in the column, which battles are provided with directingblades 3" forming alternate right and left handed screws and inclined inopposite directions in alternate baffles so. as to direct the liquid gasmixture alternately toward and away from the periphery of thecolumnduring the alternating clockwise and anti-clockwise angular movement dueto the screw formation.

3. Apparatus for the catalytic hydrogenation of unsaturated oils fatsand like ma terials, comprising a vertical column, means for projectingthrough thelsaid column the liquid under treatment and containing acatalyst, I means for circulating hydrogen through the OO-lfJTHF frombottom: to top and a succession-of superposed. alternatin ly'v act- 50ing 'hafilesinthe column, which pa es are provided with directing;bladeslforming 2. Apparatus for the catalytic hydrogen-' alternate rightandleft handed screwsfand baffles so as to direct'fthe liquid gasmixturefi alternately toward and away from" the, periphery of the columnduring the alternating clockwise and anti-clockwise angular move mentdue to the screw l :'ormation.jf

, EDWARD BRADFORD MAXTE-D.

